Regulations

Amid recent surge in private internet broadcasting, BJs are broadcasting provocative contents, swearing, rude comments, dangerous behaviors, etc., every day for greater profits and revenue from viewers paying certain amount as subscription fees. If this continues, concern will be mounting over the prospect that imitative crimes or criminal behavior preview, etc., featured by private internet broadcasting may be put on the airwaves. If such broad casting practice is not restricted properly, adolescent crimes will be also affected adversely. This study was intended to examine problems arising from private internet broadcasting, discuss legal re-striction on such private internet broadcasting regulated in Korea, and present related regulatory measures. Many problems have arisen from downside of private internet broadcasting which may also have many dif-ferent beneficial and useful contents. To facilitate private internet broadcasting culture take root by promoting more useful and diverse contents, some regulatory measures need to be taken. First, clear guidelines need to be laid out for threshold of broadcasting and criteria for contents when contracts are signed with individual BJs. Besides, education would be needed on broadcasting contents, along with review of qualification of BJs. Moreover, revenue amount needs to be adjusted to change current practice of paying thousands of won(Korean currency unit) at a time. Second, advancement of internet has made it tricky to apply conventional criteria related to exercise of juris-diction and limitation in all aspects of routine lives. Third, unambiguous criteria for harmful broadcasting need to be established. Criminal behaviors in private internet broadcasting correspond to crimes committed actually offline, not merely via information communication networks, and are broadcast exactly as they are occurring. If they are not regulated in advance, private internet broadcasting can be a breeding ground for even more serious or imitative crimes. Prevention is the most important because private internet broadcasting can be used only as a means of mak-ing money without regard to its potential criminality in this era taking monetary side as top priority, although private internet broadcasting also provides useful information and fun.

This study was intended to examine the results achieved by the Korea Coast Guard(KCG) which took over functions of the Korea National Maritime Police Agency about 1 and a half years ago. Particularly, the study intended to analyze the status of management before and after government reshuffle based on statistical data in connection with maritime crime among various fields and to present related implications. By analyzing the status of maritime crime management, the study figured out maritime crime management status perceived by competent organizations regarding the status of occurrence as suggested by statistical data and then included the processed status to combine both statuses for explanation based on maritime crime management status. As the results of analysis suggest, adverse effects were found to arise from maritime crime management capability which is directly linked to public safety, security, and maintenance of order at sea. The results of statistical analysis showed that 45,563 cases corresponded to crime perception ability in the presence of Korea National Maritime Police Agency. However, the crime perception ability slid to 60% or 27,087 cases after the breakup of Korea National Maritime Police Agency and launch of Korea Coast Guard(KCG), imply-ing that maritime security is confronted with challenge. Regarding transfer of the functions of Korea National Maritime Police Agency, negative aspects have been highlighted more than positive sides from the standpoint of maritime crime. This suggests that such development has resulted from miscalculated reshuffle of police functions and crime investigation functions of Korea National Maritime Police Agency, which aimed to cover up the inadequacy of the Korea National Maritime Police Agency functions related to rescue and salvage. It should be known that crimes occurring at sea exhibit different characteristics as diverse as sea, compared to ordinary crimes. Maritime crimes are characterized by large-scale and vast damage, difficulty with immediate site investiga-tion, and slow progress in gathering evidences and securing witnesses. Considering that the Korea National Mar-itime Police Agency under Korea Coast Guard(KCG) still plays pivotal role in crime prevention and suppression at sea which has such characteristics, it would be necessary to recognize importance of the sea, strengthen func-tions of the curtailed Korea National Maritime Police Agency and expand its maritime investigative roles con-sistent with its original functions so as to ensure effective response as many countries are recently building up their maritime capabilities. Furthermore, it would be also necessary to establish identity and strengthen status through enactment of single law which is suited to the functions and status of the Korea National Maritime Police Agency and vital for performance of functions, such as organization laws including 「Maritime Police Act」 and Act on Performance of Duties of Maritime Police」, considering that most organizations, including the National Intelligence Service, Prosecution and other special public servant organizations, which carry out special duties related to security, safety, public order maintenance, investigation, etc., have organization laws.

An intelligence agency in modern society is being shared the roles depending on institution. In case of our country, it is being undertaken the industrial security by the National Intelligence Service(NIS), the national secu-rity by the Defense Security Command, and the collection of public-safety information by the police. However, in case of the police, it is the real situation that cannot guarantee the quality of information due to the lack of manpower, to the budget, and to the very extensive scope of gathering information. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to questingly examine the factors of job satisfaction in employees of the police intelli-gence agency. Based on the outcome, a plan for improving job satisfaction in police intelligence officials was discussed. As a result of analyzing the job-satisfaction factors in the members of the police intelligence agency, it was indicated to be very satisfactory(7.6%), satisfactory(32.6%), moderate(33.6%), dissatisfactory(26.0%), and very dissatisfactory(0.0%). It was possessed 40.2% by adding ‘very satisfactory’ and ‘satisfactory’ and 26% by ‘dis-satisfactory’ and ‘very dissatisfactory.’ As a result of analyzing the statistical value through frequency analysis, the positive opinion can be known to be higher than the negative opinion. As a result of the mean value by factor, it was shown to be socio-cognition factor(4.20), economic-support factor(3.85), organizational-culture fac-tor(3.58), field-operation factor(3.20), and infrastructure factor(3.12). As a result of this study, the improvement plans for job satisfaction in the police intelligence agency were shown to include a change in consciousness of members in the police intelligence agency, an increase in efficiency of a task through sharing information with other institutions, the intensification in a financial support for the activity of collecting information, the arrangement for the educational facilities and the curriculum for securing professionalism, and a change in a performance evaluation system of the information collection. An intelligence agency in modern society is being shared the roles depending on institution. In case of our country, it is being undertaken the industrial security by the National Intelligence Service(NIS), the national secu-rity by the Defense Security Command, and the collection of public-safety information by the police. However, in case of the police, it is the real situation that cannot guarantee the quality of information due to the lack of manpower, to the budget, and to the very extensive scope of gathering information. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to questingly examine the factors of job satisfaction in employees of the police intelli-gence agency. Based on the outcome, a plan for improving job satisfaction in police intelligence officials was discussed.

The purpose of this study was to validate the effect of adolescent lifestyles on the experience of sexual com-moditization involving the use of smartphone. Moreover, this study was intended to verify whether undesirable sexual awareness would have a significant effect as mediator. Sexual commoditization involving the use of smartphone has become a rampant problem in contemporary society. Although many preceding studies have been conducted to identify the causes of sexual commoditization, no convincing policy implication has been derived. Thus, this study aims to derive preventive measures and countermeasure policy system against situations prone to crime and promote education to adolescents by examining the effect of adolescent lifestyles on the experience with sexual commoditization involving the use of smartphones and validate whether mediating fac-tors are associated with undesirable sexual awareness based on the results substantiated through this study. The data used in this study were obtained from the results of panel survey conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute in 2014 and were analyzed through 4,163 data excluding 193 missing data out of 4,356 data. For analysis, IBM SPSS Statistics 21 was used. Moreover, the study intended to validate theoretically whether routine activities online, not offline, could lead to crimes by considering current smartphone use among adolescents from the perspective of Routine Activity Theory specified by Lawrence Cohen & Marcus Felson. For analytical methodology, t-test was performed on adolescents' experience and non-experience with sexual commoditization to verify statistically significant factors by group. Furthermore, binomial logistic regression analysis was carried out to verify the effect that adolescent lifestyles, the independent variable, and sexual awareness level, the mediator, would have on adolescents' experience with sexual commoditization. Additionally, the study validated the mediating effect through Sobel test, preceded by verification of the effect of independent variable on mediator. The results of this study suggested that the 3 factors of adolescent lifestyles, the independent variable, had a very significant influence on adolescents' experience with sexual commoditization. Sexual awareness level, the mediator, was also found to have a very significant influence on the experience with sexual commoditization. The results of Sobel test showed that mediator had a significant mediating effect through partial mediation. In conclusion, Routine Activity Theory was found to be applicable even to online activities, such as the use of smartphone, in connection with adolescent lifestyles. Such routine lives of adolescents have an effect on sexual awareness level which in turn was found to be a crucial factor for experience with sexual commoditization. Thus, it would be necessary to explore effective alter-native solutions at policy level, including prevention through increased attention and proper education at home and schools towards adolescents.