International journal of crisis & safety

Purpose: This Research intends to apply oral care protocol including preventative nursing intervention for lung cancer patients under anticancer chemotherapy to find its effects on oral safety and nutrition status. Methods: This Research employs one-group pre-post design intended to find out the impacts of oral care protocol on the oral safety and nutrition status of lung cancer patients under anticancer chemotherapy. Pre-investigation was conducted on the subjects twice at 4-week interval, and post-investigation was conducted once 4 weeks after the oral care protocol was applied. The Oral Assessment Guide(OAG) was used to determine objective aspects of oral safety. The Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PGSGA), aspects of nutrition status. For collected data, frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation and Repeated Measures ANOVA were con-ducted using SPSS 20.0. Results: The major findings of this study were as follows. 1)The OAG score of participants to which an oral care protocol was applied(F=4.085, p=.022) showed significant difference by measurement times. 2)The Nutrition status of participants to which an oral care protocol was applied showed a relation by measurement times. For PGSGA score(F=7.498, p=.003), there were significant difference by measurement times. Conclusion: The finding of this study gives a useful information for the strategies of improving oral safety and nutrition as performing oral care protocol

Purpose; The purpose of this study is to identify the levels of stress, self-esteem and resilience of nursing college students’ safety management and to recognize the correlations between them. Methods; The research design is a descriptive correlational study design and used convenience sampling on 203 senior nursing students in G city. The used research measures were tools which measure stress, self-esteem and resilience. Data collection was conducted from June 2, 2017 to June 15, 2017 using SPSS 21.0 for data analysis. Results; The results show that stress is affected by health status, major satisfaction and clinical practice satisfaction. Meanwhile, resilience is affected by health status, selective motivation for nursing major, interpersonal relationships, personality trait and major satisfaction. Stress and resilience are negatively correlated while self-esteem and resilience are positively correlated. In other words, an increase in stress levels correlates with a decrease in resilience and conversely, a decrease in stress levels correlates with an increase in resilience. An increase in self-esteem correlates with an increase in resilience and a decrease in self-esteem correlates with a decrease in resilience. Conclusion; Therefore, there is a need for institutions that are responsible for the education and management of nursing colleges to preferentially take interest in helping nursing students with their stress and college adjustment. In addition, if the social support system that protects nursing students is systemically formed and utilized, it can not only help increase self-esteem and resilience of nursing students but also improve their quality of life, contributing to higher level of nursing profession settings.

The purpose of this study was to examine the wellbeing behaviors, life satisfaction and subjective quality of life of community elderly people and to verify the effectiveness and usefulness of a wonderful life program provided for successful life in old age. This study made an attempt to examine the wellbeing behaviors, life satisfaction and subjective quality of life of community elderly people and to verify the effectiveness and usefulness of the wonderful life program so that community elderly people could lead a successful life in old age. This study is a quasi experimental research that adopted nonequivalent control group pretest posttest design to determine the effects of the wonderful life program on wellbeing behaviors, life satisfaction and the subjective quality of life after offering it to the selected community elderly people. We selected 30 people who were given permission from elderly people over 65 years of age at the social welfare center in W city. In the homogeneity test, there was no statistically significant difference in well being behavior, life satisfaction, and subjective quality of life, indicating that the experimental group and the control group before the experiment were the same level. The findings of the study were as follow s: The program was found to have effects on the wellbeing behaviors(z= 3.408, p=.001), life satisfaction(z= 3.225, p=.001) and subjective quality of life(z= 3.419, p=.001) of the experimental group. In contrast, there were no changes in the wellbeing behaviors(z= z=--.253, p=.800), life satisfaction(z= 1.418, p=.156) and subjective quality of life(z= z=--.000, p=1.000) of the control group. Therefore intensive efforts should be directed into the development and supply of various educational programs that could encourage elderly people to keep boosting their wellbeing behaviors, life satisfaction and subjective quality of life. In the future, this program will be indispensable to senior citizens who are increasingly larger in number due to the advancement of the time s and the growing elderly population, and the program is expected to make a great contribution to fast developing aging society

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the team cohesiveness from the characteristics of university licensing products, school satisfaction, and purchase intention perceived by university students to give managerial suggestions for the self-reliance ratio of finance. A total of 243 valid data were collected from 260 university students using the questionnaire with the self-administration method and the data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and multiple regression. The results could be derived as follow. First, the team cohesiveness from the licensing products had an effect on the satisfaction of school. Second, the team cohesiveness of licensing products had an effect on the purchasing intention. Third, the satisfaction of school had an effect on the purchasing intention of university licensing products. As the previous study confirmed that the high level of team(university) cohesiveness gives a positive affection on the satisfaction of the school and purchase intention of their licensing products, the government of the university should have the managerial strategies to raise their team cohesiveness so that it makes positive team cohesiveness and total sales of licensing products. With the strategic plan to make high level of the team cohesiveness, the university government needs to attract talented student athletes for improving the quality of the games and other services so that general students and alumni give their support by watching the games and purchasing the licensing products of their school. Also, if the university pays attention to the revenue-making business through the efficient operation and to corporate sponsorship program with marketing activities, the university can be obtain the high level of cohesiveness, brand quality, and student attraction.

This study was a descriptive study conducted to investigate nursing college students’ degree of patient safety management during their clinical training. This study aimed to provide a baseline data for developing systematic nursing educational curriculum for the enhancement of competence in nursing college students’ fundamental patient safety nursing intervention. The participants consisted of 372 senior nursing college students who have had clinical practice at a nursing college in Gwangju metropolitan city. The data was collected from December 4th to 28th in 2017 at the end-point of their clinical training education in nursing college, and convenience sampling was the method of inves-tigation for this research. For the assessment of patient safety management knowledge(PSM-K), instrument modified by Choi & Lee(2015) from Park & Park(2014) was used. The instrument for patient safety management attitude(PSM-A) assessment was by Chenot & Daniel(2007), for confidence in performance of patient safety man-agement(PSM-CP) by Park(2011), and for patient safety management practice(PSM-P) by Yoo & Lee(2014). The collected data was analyzed with SPSS 19.0 using descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Scheffé test. The results of this study indicated that the ratio of correct answers of PSM-K was 70.7%, PSM-A was 3.85, PSM-CP was 3.99, and PSM-P was 4.24 out of 5 points. And also in terms of the correlations between PSM-K, PSM-A, PSM-CP, and PSM-P, significant positive correlations existed between PSM-K and PSM-A(r=.28, p<.001), PSM-CP and PSM-K(r=.19, p<.001), PSM-CP and PSM-A(r=.48, p<.001), PSM-P and PSM-A(r=.37, p<.001), and PSM-CP and PSM-P(r=.37, p<.001). Therefore, in order to enhance nursing college students’ competence in patient safety nursing intervention, nursing college students must experience various exercises and training for patient safety management during the clinical practicum as well as with scenario-based simulation. And nursing education facilities should develop educational contents about patient safety for nursing college students.

Manufacturers of lead-acid batteries have made great efforts to reduce the production cost of batteries. Simplifying the manufacturing process is an effective way to reduce costs. In general, it has been recognized that tubular electrode plates should be pickled after filling with the positive active material(PAM). This process requires a pickling and drying process. During this process, curing of the active material occurs. Generally, the curing process is the most time-consuming part of the lead-acid battery manufacturing process. This study deals with the simplification of the manufacturing process for lead-acid batteries using a tubular type positive plate. The effect on discharge capacity of pickling and curing time for the tubular plate was investigated. In this study, tubular positive plates filled with the active material were subjected to case formation(CF) by assembling the cell without pickling. The investigation illustrated that pickling conditions were a determinant for modifications of the chemical and phase composition of the PAM and for electrochemical performance. Thus, a better under-standing of the pickling mechanism is required in order to optimize the tubular positive plate’s performance. It has been observed that the key to successful pickling is the maintenance of an exact balance between the concentration of H2SO4, and the duration of the pickling process. The comparative study showed that longer pickling times and higher concentrations of H2SO4 do not necessarily result in electrodes with better first capacity performance. Also, it was noted that if the concentration of H2SO4 for pickling was too low or too high, the capacity of the battery was reduced. In this study, the best cell performance was obtained after 3 hours of pickling in H2SO4 solution with a specific gravity of 1.20 and after 16 hours of pickling in H2SO4 solution with a specific gravity of 1.10. This result will be commercially valuable to tubular type lead-acid battery manufacturers in terms of simplifying the manufacturing process.

Purpose; The purpose of this study was to analyze papers on the self-leadership of nursing students, which were included in domestic academic journals over the past 15 years, in an attempt to determine the research trend. Methods: This is a descriptive research study that analyzed 41 papers included in domestic academic journals over the past 15 years(2003-2018). Results: The studies related to the self-leadership of nursing students numbered five(12.2%) between 2009 and 2014 and 36(87.8%) between 2015 and 2018. As to the distribution of the papers by journal, 10 papers(24.3%) that were largest in number were included in the Journal of Korea Academia- Industrial Cooperation Society. Concerning variables related to self-leadership, critical thinking disposition was a major variable that was covered in 10 papers(24.3%) that were largest in number, and another major variable was self-efficacy that was covered in seven(17.5). As a result of analyzing the papers by research method, every study was quantitative research that numbered 41(100%). Out of them, the descriptive research studies were most common, and the experimental studies numbered 17(17.0%). In regard to sample size determination, G*Power was used the most in 31 papers(75.6%). Regarding institutional review board, eight(19.5%) out of the 41 papers were implemented with the approval of IRB. As for data analysis in the studies using descriptive statistics, t-test was used mainly in 35 papers(85.3%); ANOVA, in 26(63.4%); Pearson correlation coefficient, in 26(63.4%). In the experimental studies, x2-test was dominant, which was used in 10 papers(24.3%) . Conclusion: The findings of the study are expected to provide some information on how to nurture the self-leadership of would-be professional nurses to step up their competency development to affect their clinical performance in a positive way and on how to set the right directions for the development of nursing to make a contribution to the improvement of the quality of nursing.

The purpose of the article is to examine whether and how the regime value approach proposed by John Rohr can be applied to the learning of administrative ethics in South Korea. It focuses on the issue of unification as a critical regime value among others in Korea. Unification is a good example as a regime value in Korea because its Constitution emphasizes the mission of peaceful unification based on the principles of freedom and democracy. Furthermore, a pre-dominant number of the people agree with the fact that unification is an unchangeable supreme task for Koreans. To begin with the history of Korea’s division unintended by the people, the article describes and analyzes why Korea was divided and should be reunified. The success of unification as a regime value heavily depends on how to resolve its tension with the need for national security. Korean administrators need to pay special attention to such a subtle dilemma whenever they use unification as a criterion for decision-making and administrative discretion. Rohr argues that the opinions of the Supreme Court are the most suitable teaching device in the US. In Korea, the decisions made by the Constitutional Court, not the Supreme Court, are “dialectic,” including concurring and dissenting opinions, so they will be excellent teaching devices to help learners experience diverse political opinions and Korean values. In administrative fields, they will also be great guidelines for right and wise decision-makings in the Korean context. In addition to those decisions, Korean values can be found in a wide variety of sources, which include the writings and speeches of prominent political leaders, campaign platforms, scholarly interpretations of Korean history, and literary works of all kinds. These various teaching devices as well as the living and concrete guideline like regime values will en-able present and future administrators, who have often lost right ways, to make ethical decision-makings in the Korean context and to overcome ethical crisis that still remains in Korean bureaucracy. However, there may be a cultural obstacle such as Confucianism for regime values to be successfully embedded in real bureaucracy. Confucianism greatly influences a way of thinking of Koreans and the substantial operation of the Korean administrative system. Its major values such as “Harmony,” “loyalty” and “consensus” sometimes outweigh individual consciousness or ethical decisions to be secured by the status of public servants.

This study investigates safety accidents in physical education classes which account for the largest part of the elementary school safety accidents and increasing year by year. This study is carried out in order to provide general understanding of the concept of safety accidents in elementary school physical education classes and to suggest ways to prevent safety accidents in elementary school physical education classes through previous re-search results and literature data. The purpose of this study is to investigate the concept of safety accidents in elementary school physical education classes based on previous studies and literature data and to suggest measures against safety accidents in elementary school physical education classes after analyzing the actual conditions of safety accidents occur in physical education classes. The concept of safety accidents in physical education classes collectively refers to all kinds of accidents in relation to physical education classes. Assuming that daily physical educations are resting on elementary school physical education classes, positive experiences in physical education are expected to have great effects on a child even after he/she is grown up. Therefore, physical education classes must be safe and safety management for physical education classes must be in place. Safety accident occurrences in physical education classes were observed to be increasing every year. It was also found that nearly half of the teachers had experienced safety accidents. Also, male teachers had more incidents of safety accident than female teachers. Higher rate of safety accident occurrences in elementary school was observed in students in higher grades. Fractures were the most frequent, followed by lacerations, tooth(mouth) injuries, sprains, and concussions. Among all bodily injuries head injury showed the highest number of 9,836 incidents, followed by hands, feet, teeth(mouthy), legs and thoracic abdomen. Some of the safety accidents in elementary school physical education classes were caused by students' carelessness, failures to follow instructions and mischievous behaviors. And some others were caused by teachers' carelessness, insufficiency in managing children and lack of safety training and facilities and teaching aids that are old, inadequate and nonconforming. In order to improve safety in elementary school physical education classes, firstly, safety awareness should be raised and training for physical education classes must be continuously made. Secondly, prevention systems such as safety inspections should be strengthened and safety management of facilities should be improved. Thirdly, safe and enjoyable physical education classes should be conducted through implementing new teaching aids.

The start of lifestyle sports in Korea began in 1962 with the introduction of the National Physical Education Promotion Act, but due to economic difficulties, it only started in earnest from the 1980s. In 1986, the National Physical Education Promotion Long-term Plan was established and with the establishment of the National Physical Promotion Comprehensive Plan in 1990 and the first National Physical Promotion 5-year plan in 1993, and the second 5-year National Physical Promotion Plan in 1998, lifestyle sports began to emerge in earnest and its development began. The purpose of this study is to understand the current state of physical education facilities in rural areas and to analyze the safety consciousness according to physical injuries caused by physical education facility management and users and also to raise consciousness in the safety issues that arises from using physical education facilities. In 1995, as local self governing government heads began to be directly elected, local governments began to have the characteristic of local residents directly participating in local governance. As a consequence, local governments established lifestyle sports policies to meet the demands of local residents to participate in sports, and implemented policies which activate lifestyle sports to allow the activation of community-centered lifestyle sports. From 2006 to 2010, facilities for sports and leisure were established with the goal of establishing 2 to 3 sports facilities in each of the eup, myeon and dongs(Korean scale for categorizing cities), and small-scale exercise facilities were installed in places easily accessible to nearby residents. However, since most of the subjects using these physical facilities are elderly people, the injury rate is high when using these physical exercise facilities as they lack knowledge on the safety procedures and knowledge on systematic sports activities, sports safety and skills. In particular, the rural population in Korea is composed of a typical aged society, and the percentage of sports injuries is very high in comparison to the population because there are many elderly people whose cognitive abilities are poor. The safety management area for using physical education facilities can be divided into physical management, work management, and the personal management of physical education facility users. The results of this study are as follows. 1)Physical activity safety accidents are caused most frequently by personal mistakes of the users. Therefore, regular education on the use of physical facilities and exercise equipment and safety rules is necessary and physical trainer placement is also necessary. 2)It is necessary to provide administrative support for regular inspection and management of facility safety. 3)In case of an accident, first aid measures and communication with related organizations should be prepared. As mentioned above, such measures will contribute to reducing physical injuries of sports facility users in rural areas and raise awareness on sports safety.