International journal of martial arts

Purpose: This study sought to conceptualize the components of the evaluation management for excellent college Taekwondo athletes and validate each component in detail. Furthermore, the purpose of this study is to, third, propose a strategy through the analysis of the importance of key management factors structuring the definition of the components. Method: To achieve the purpose of the study, literature review, in-depth interviews, the Delphi analysis, and the AHP analysis were sequentially carried out. Results: First, customized training and match strategies ought to be structured for each individual athlete. Furthermore, it is necessary to continuously share these with coaches, athletes, and parents, and create a flexible systematic training program which may be adjusted at any time according to the match performance. Second, it is necessary to introduce an active consulting program related to family life, school and team life, and interpersonal relationship, and also systematically introduce a program which enables the exchange of opinions by and between leaders, counselors, parents, and athletes. Third, after retiring as a college student, the basic academic and curriculum learning management, on top of the Taekwondo match skills, one ought to be able to operate a program which may be consulted by and between the advising professor and the Taekwondo coach so that one can organize life independently. Fourth, by classifying excellent athletes or athletes of high potential value, one needs to connect with the college headquarters to provide a sponsorship program to connect sponsors and sponsor organizations according to match skills and recent performance results, and also consider the career path for Taekwondo activities which can sustain match skills and athlete life as a matter of formal institutionalization. Conclusion: The athlete competency management evaluation scale developed with a focus on the college Taekwondo athletes may be utilized as the basic data for the college athletes to reach the national level of matching skills and also discover promising middle and high school students. Furthermore, academic and practical effects may be expected in that they will provide useful information for the follow-up researchers in the study of the field of Taekwondo match.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data that will help expand the base of Judo by analyzing the social process that adolescents who are entering puberty during the period of becoming an adult and are currently attending middle school to train their body by practicing judo. Method: The subject of this study was to extract samples from Judo trainers and non-trainers at middle schools and various schools located across the country using cluster random sampling. Only valid samples were coded in accordance with the coding guidelines, except for responses that were deemed unreliable after the response was retrieved from the completed data. After individually inputting the encoded data into the computer, it was computerized according to the purpose of analysis using the statistical program SPSS Window 20.0 Version. Results: As a result of the difference in Judo Training and sociality of middle school students according to demographic characteristics, the second year was higher than the third year in cooperation according to gender, and the lower rank was higher in cooperation. As a result of the correlation between Judo Training Participation and social development, training period showed a positive correlation with training frequency, and training frequency showed a negative correlation with compliance. As a result of the Participation in training on social development, compliance was found to have a negative effect on intensity, and autonomy was found to have a positive effect on duration. Conclusion: As a result of a comprehensive analysis of the effects of Judo Training in middle school students on sociality, no significant difference was found in the family relationship and the results of comparing the personality characteristics and social differences between trainees and non-trainees according to demographic characteristics. However, in terms of gender, training groups showed significant differences in activity and dominance, unlike non-training groups. Based on these results, it is necessary to develop various programs that can be implemented in Judo gymnasiums for the development of social skills necessary for the growth period.

Purpose: This study compared and analyzed the characteristics of physique and physical fitness factors between the two sports in order to provide useful information for the establishment of effective training plans for Taekwondo Gyeorugi athletes and Wushu Santa athletes. Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of 14 Taekwondo Gyeorugi athletes in D Metropolitan City K University and 14 Wushu Santa athletes from D Team. Physical characteristics(height, weight, body fat percentage, BMI, lower extremities, thighs) and physical fitness factors(back muscular strength, sit-ups, repetitive jumps, standing long jump, Sargent jump, reaction time to sound/light, side step test, one-foot stand with closed eye, sit and reach, backward flexibility, anaerobic exercise capacity, isokinetic muscle strength of the knee joint) were measured to compare and analyze the differences between the two sports. Results: As a result of the study, the physical characteristics of Taekwondo Gyeorugi athletes were statistically significantly higher than those of Wushu Santa athletes in left and right thigh circumferences. In terms of physical fitness, the Wushu Santa athletes were statistically significantly higher than those of Taekwondo Gyeorugi athletes in standing long jump and Sargent jump, which are evaluation items of power. In addition, Taekwondo Gyeorugi athletes were statistically significantly higher than Wushu Santa athletes in the evaluation item of balance. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the measurement result of anaerobic exercise capacity. Wushu Santa athletes were statistically significantly higher values of muscular strength and muscular strength per 1 kg of body weight in left and right extensors, and muscular strength and muscular strength per 1 kg of body weight in left flexors than the Taekwondo Gyeorugi athletes in the measurement result of isokinetic muscle strength of the knee joint. Conclusion: In summarizing the results of this study, Wushu Santa athletes tended to have a higher tendency for most of the physical fitness factors except balance and flexibility compared to Taekwondo competition athletes, and in particular, muscular strength of extensors of lower extremity and power were higher. However, when comparative analysis based on the results of previous studies, it is considered that there will be some difficulties in generalizing the results of this study to the physical fitness of Taekwondo competition and Wushu Santa event athletes. In addition, it is thought that a follow-up study is needed to consider the competition rules for each sport and the technical characteristics of the players.

Purpose: The military aspects of the Imjin Invasion and the background of Japan's military and yusool establishment in the late Joseon Dynasty were investigated, and a thorough investigation was conducted on Joseon yusool used in hand-to-hand combat as a martial art of the Joseon dynasty. Yusool and Japanese military tours in the late Joseon Dynasty, they investigated Joseon Yusool from the Joseon Training Institute, and in particular, reviewed and analyzed the meaning and value of Yusool from a modern military perspective after the Korean-Japanese Japanese Invasion. Its purpose is to present Yusool as a martial art. Method: This research method examines in-depth the meaning and value of Yusool viewed from the modern military side after the Japanese Invasion of Korea and Japan, and provides related historical papers, reports and books, ancient documents, and Internet materials to present the authenticity of Yusool as a martial art in the Joseon dynasty From a macro point of view, this was conducted as a specific research issue related to the beginning of Joseon judo and yusool and military martial arts from the military side of the middle Joseon period and the early period of the Korean Empire. Results: After the Imjin Invasion, Joseon Yusool could provide its value as a cultural heritage in terms of the historical significance of Yusool from the Korean-Japanese military perspective, modern Joseon training, and the form of yusool values in the military aspect. Conclusion: It was said that there was jujutsu in Joseon in 1880, and the representative figures were Jujutsu and Gyeongchuk, a military martial art from Chosun training centers such as Park Moo-gyeong, Im Eun-myeong, and Lee Gyu-wan. Lee Guk-do, the first instructor of the Shinheung Military Academy, taught close combat with Joseon jujutsu. This is because Jujutsu, viewed from the military perspective of Korea and Japan after the Imjin War, has a high value in the military aspect of the modern Joseon training course, and from the perspective of military martial arts. Joseon jujutsu could provide its value as a cultural heritage.

Purpose: Players' desperateness is a mental state of readiness for training and competition, which is understood to be a variable that influences players' performance as a factor that promotes motivation for why they should participate and win. On the other hand, mental strength is psychological strength that directly affects the performance of players, so the relationship between these two variables is clearly classified into a sequential relationship, and finally, the perceived performance of players will be affected by the relationship between these two variables. In addition, it is possible to predict enough that mental strength will play a mediating role in the relationship between desperateness and perceived performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the influence of high school Taekwondo players' perceived desperateness through structural relationships with their desperateness, mental strength, and perceived performance, and to help them improve their performance. Method: A total of 281 high school Taekwondo players were selected as participants by convenience sampling technique, and they were asked with desperateness questionnaire, mental strength questionnaire, and perceived performance questionnaire. The data analysis of this study was executed by using PASW 23.0 and AMOS 23.0 for the frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and the research model was test through structure equation modeling analysis and the bootstrapping method was used to find out the mediating effect. Results: The desperateness had a positive relationship with mental strength. This is a result of predicting that the higher the level of desperateness, the higher the level of mental strength can be. Desperateness was also found to have a positive causal relationship with perceived performance meaning that the higher the level of desperation, the higher the level of performance perceived by athletes, and it is understood that the desperation of high school taekwondo players can help improve perceived performance. Mental strength had a positive causal relationship with perceived performance. It means the higher the level of mental strength, the higher the level of performance perceived by athletes, and it is understood that the mental strength of high school taekwondo players can help improve the perceived performance. Mental strength had a mediating effect in the relationship between desperateness and perceived performance. Conclusion: The desperateness of athletes is a leading variable that positively influences the improvement of athletes' performance. Desperate is a state of mind preparedness for how high school Taekwondo players participate in sports and games, and it is understood that this mindset is expressed as a strong will for the purpose and direction of action, and it is judged to have a positive impact on the win or lose of the game. Since this study found mental strength had a positive causal relationship with perceived performance mental strength needs to be regarded as a major concern of leaders and coaches as a major factor in determining the win or loss of a game, and should be making continuous efforts to improve the mental strength of athletes.

Purpose: The promotion, program, facility, and environmental factors of Taekwondo centers affect the image of Taekwondo centers, and the image of Taekwondo centers affects the continuation of training and word-of-mouth intention. The program also showed that Taekwondo demonstration activities had an effect on the image of the centers, but the study was conducted on parents and there was a lack of contents on the effect of the demonstration activities on the trainees in addition to the management factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Taekwondo demonstration team activities showing various skills on the image of centers and the intention of general trainees to join the training Method: The participants of this study were 190 general trainees from 4th to 6th grade of elementary school who had been trained for at least one year at five Taekwondo centers operating a front-line demonstration team in Seoul and Northern Gyeonggi-do, and were sampled using a convenience sampling method among non-probability sampling methods. Among the collected questionnaires, all 162 were judged to be reliable except for 28 data that were judged to be unreliable, and the analysis was conducted based on a total of 162 questionnaires. Results: A regression analysis of the effect of the perception of demonstration team activities on the image of centers(operation) showed that personality cultivation effect(p=0.000) has a positive(+) effect on the image of operations at a statistically significant level, with an influence of 0.420. In addition, the regression model shows p=0.000, F=9.636 and the regression analysis formula shows R2=0.236, which shows the explanatory power of 23.6% of the total variance. Conclusion: First, the perception of the demonstration team activities affects the painting image. Specifically, the effect of personality cultivation affects the operation and leadership, the effect of personality cultivation, physical effect, and technological development affect the expertise, and the effect of personality cultivation and technological development affect the social service. Second, the perception of the demonstration team activities affects the intention to join trainees. Specifically, the psychological effect and the personality cultivation effect affect the intention to join trainees. Third, the image of centers affects the intention to join trainees. Specifically, the social service affects the intention to join trainees.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to apply a phenomenological approach, a qualitative research method, to explore the common experiences of Wushu majors in China in the process of giving up their movements and transitioning to Korean Taekwondo leaders. Method: For the selection of participants in the study, 6 participants aged 27 to 30 years old with experience in Wushu with more than 10 years of experience in competition as a student athlete were selected as a purposive sampling method among nonprobability sampling. In the analysis process, through the analysis framework of Giorgi's 4th stage the analysis process is conducted to identify text content from a holistic perspective, segmentation of semantic units, transformation into academic language, and integrating the converted semantic units into a structure. Results: The results of the study were divided into situational structured statements and general structured statements, and in the situational structured statement, 5 elements, 16 sub-elements, and a total of 54 semantic units were found. According to the data analysis, five major components were found in the meaning of a Chinese Wushu major's career transition to a Korean Taekwondo leader: a "hardened Wushu education system", a "lack of Wushu operation management system", "choice of Taekwondo as a popular job", and " "regret and desire of giving up on Wushu". Conclusion: This study suggest in concrete and vivid language why Wushu majors, who represent Chinese culture and are loved by Chinese people, switch to Taekwondo leaders. It was possible to examine the reasons why Wushu majors drop out, and through this, it was possible to discover the intrinsic and external problems perceived by Wushu majors. In addition, it is said that the research is meaningful in that it has suggested proposal for the sustainable development of Wushu majors through the research results.

Purpose: Quantitative grounds for the difficulty distinction and clear evaluation criteria of Taekwondo free style Poomsae spin kick are required. The purpose of this research is to conduct a kinematic analysis of 540°Dwihuryochagi(540D), 720°Dollyochagi(720D) and 900°Dwihuryochagi(900D) and provide a quantitative basis for spin kick difficulty classification. Method: 13 athletes(age: 20.6±0.7 years, height: 171.3±4.2 cm, weight: 65.4±6.2 kg, experience: 8.3±4.5 years) were selected for this study. The analysis variables were the interval-specific time required for the spin kick, the displacement and velocity of the center of mass(COM), and the rotation angle and rotation angular velocity of the trunk. Results: First, as the rotation angle increased, the time to kick(E2-E4) increased and the height of kick-off(E4) COM decreased(p<.05). Second, it has been shown that the time to land(E4-E5) is shortened(p<.05). The 900D was followed by kick after the landing was completed. Third, for the rotational angular velocity of the torso, rapid angular velocity was shown in the order of 900D > 720D > 540D in the air rotation interval(Phase 2-5). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the difficulty of 900D should be allocated higher than that of 540D and 720D. In addition, Video Assistant Referee(VAR) techniques need to be applied to evaluate the success of 900D.

Purpose: This study was analyzed by conducting a survey of 170 leaders working at taekwondo gyms in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province to find out the impact of the Taekwondo master's job satisfaction on the revitalization of the Taekwondo gym. Method: Descriptive Statistics, Frequencies, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Multiple regression Analysis was used on the data collected through the surveys by using the SPSS 22.0 to determine the effect between factors. The significance level for all statistics was set to 0.05. Results: First, the sub-variant analysis of the job satisfaction for Taekwondo masters, showed no statistically significant difference in gender. In addition, there were statistically significant differences in all factors depending on their educational background. Also, the guidance experience showed statistically significant differences in the factors relating to the task itself. Second, the sub-variant analysis of the Taekwondo master's gym activation (personal performance) showed no statistically significant difference in gender, but statistically significant differences showed in all factors depending on educational background. In addition, there have been statistically significant differences in the factors of individual performance over the course of the guidance career. Third, an analysis of the impact of job satisfaction of Taekwondo masters on the revitalization of Taekwondo gyms (management performance) showed that all factors in job satisfaction have a statistically significant impact on individual performance and painting performance related to the revitalization of Taekwondo gyms. Conclusion: The study found that the job satisfaction of Taekwondo masters has a positive impact on the revitalization of taekwondo gyms (management performance). We hope that the results of this study will be provided as basic data for how to revitalize the Taekwondo gym, and we hope that it will help revitalize the Taekwondo gym.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance factors of Poomsae High School Team, which is destroying Poomsae specialized gym's stronghold by comparing the training place, training time, training method, various support, and leader's career and to find out the reason how they broke the stronghold of specialized gyms who have dominated the competition for a long time and performing well to provide guidance for Poomsae leaders. Method: In order to achieve the purpose of this study, 5 Taekwondo Poomsae specialized gyms and 2 professional school teams were conducted, and data were collected through literature surveys and in-depth interviews on-site visits. Based on this, a comparative analysis of the performance factors of the Taekwondo Poomsae specialized gym and the high school team resulted in the following conclusions. Results: Overall, differences in scholarships, food expenses, support and training time and leaders' training concentration were shown. However, both groups focused on personality and sincere training when it came to guidance philosophy, and for the gyms, supply and demand of athletes and counseling with parents, and for high school temas, maintaining relationships with school teachers, and managing athletes in the camp were found to be difficulties. Conclusion: The reason why Poomsae specialized gym's performance factor is significantly lower than that of the professional high school team is that the number of camp and field training depends on the parents' economic factors, and because the performance is proportional to the training volume, the school team's training is relatively higher than the professional gym, which is analyzed as a factor that can produce good results.