Public Value

Countries today are more closely linked than ever before. This global phenomenon has been loosely termed as globalization. The exact meaning of the term differs depending on the perspective of the scholars who range from hyperglobalists, to skeptics and transformationalists. However, what they all have in common is the belief that globalization inherently brings some opportunities as well as some threats. These are discussed in great detail with regards to Bangladesh and relevant examples are cited when required. Undoubtedly, the government has a big role to play in this matter and need to stay vigilant to make sure that the country is able to absorb most of the benefits that come with globalization while resist-ing its more negative aspects.

This research focuses on exploring the public value of music and examining the examples of music embodying that kind of value. Traditionally, the value of music is based on the emotional cultivation. The value of this music is that it focuses on the personal sphere. However, it is necessary to investigate separately what this music means at the public level. Music includes the physical, mental, and social characteristics of the music activity itself. The emotional response of music allows it to be linked to social responses due to its unique characteristics. In addition, the nonverbal delivery of music allows the group to grasp and ac-quire the public values that society demands from the ruling class. The public value of music could be understood as an expression tool of public society as an art area that can affect and be applied to the whole community. Therefore, this social meaning of music can be seen that music can be a powerful means for socialization and education while providing great pleasure to human beings. The result of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of social members' consciousness and the realization of public values in the socio-educational application of music.

Socrates thought that, for the agent by himself, doing wrong is more harmful than suffering injustice. Well, so long as it is merely a matter of 'wrong' done or suffered, thus a matter necessarily existing in the perception of the parties, the proposition may stand. Due to it, a sense of justice consists of ideas and feelings, such as fair and unfair, needs and responsibility, rights, and duties. In China, presently, employees often choose silence when they face ethical dilemmas. Why would they do that? Because they lack a sense of justice and worry about the authority of the people who work in charge. This study, through the review of the literature and qualitative analysis methods, tries to explain a sense of justice in Chinese working environment. First of all, this paper reviews the definition, origin, and reasons for a taste of truth through a literature review. Secondly, it uses the method which interviews some employees who work in China. Thirdly, combined with literature review and interview, found that many Chinese people are short of a sense of justice when they face injustice or unfair issues.

This study aims to search for social enterprises to realize new public values. Public value is a social standard. This standard can also be pursued by governments or individuals. This traditional approach to public value has been used in policy science. Public value here is a framework, in this value, morality is just a part of it. The ethical approach, on the other hand, is divided into deontology, utilitarianism and virtue ethics, and is divided into communitarianism and liberalism according to the emphasis of the community and individual. Based on this ethical approach, it is emphasized that social enterprise can be an entity for public value. Since this study provides an overview, it awaits the development of a tool to assess the success of social enterprises to realize public value. In addition, this research points out that the public value does not necessarily have to be based on public organizations such as government. Individuals and NGOs could be very important subject to actualize the public value.