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  • This study was to investigate the effects of Guard Martial Arts Education on Task-Reated Physical Fitness and Gait Ability in the Private Security Guard. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, 40 security guards working at the Y security company in S city were selected. The participants were divided into two groups: Exercise group (n=20) and Control group(n=20), and after observing the effect of the guard martial training on Task-Reated physical fitness and functional gait ability, the results were as follows. The participants were divided into two groups: Exercise group(n=20) and Control group(n=20). The Guard Martial Arts Education for 12 weeks. The results of this study were as follows: First, As for the Task-Reated Physical Fitness, there were significantly increased in Grasping power, push-up, sit-up, 100m, 1000m in the exercise group. Second, as for the gait Ability, there were significantly increased in speed and stepin the exercise group. As conclusions, this study confirmed that the guard martial arts education could improve the task-reated physical fitness and gait ability of private security guard. However, there is a need for more specific exercise programs to be developed for the continual improvement of athletic performance in guard martial arts education along with further studies to confirm the physiological benefits of those programs.
    Keyword:Guard Martial Arts, Task-Reated Physical Fitness, Guard Physical Fitness, Gait Ability, Private Security Guard
  • Courtesy is considered especially important in hapkido training. The characteristic of hapkido is that trainees sit upright on their knees and exchange greetings before they start to undergo training, and another character-istic is that they stand up gently and do circular motions when they compete with each other. They feel the energy of their bodies when they train it. The training effects of hapkido is associated with its technical system. There are some differences in that regard among various hapkido organizations, but the technical system of hapkido consists of breathing, break fall and technique in general, which is differentiated from those of other martial arts. Hankido is a martial art that is good for school children's physical activities. This is viewed as an attractive physical activity that can step up their emotional, social and intellectual development, provide physical education and help them to build up character to grow into good members of society. Accordingly, this study was imple-mented on the assumption that hapkido training would be of use for personality education for elementary school students. The subjects in this study were 300 male and female elementary school students who were selected by random sampling from among the male and female trainees in 13 hapkido gyms located in the cities of Daejeon and Incheon. After a survey was conducted by this researcher, the answer sheets from 263 respondents were analyzed except for 37 ones that were incomplete or included unfaithful responses. This scale consisted of five areas and 16 items, which were four on etiquette, four on caring, four on emotion, two on personality and two on life habits. In this study, what influence hapkido training exerted on the personality development of the elementary school students was analyzed. And the following conclusions were reached: First, whether hapkido training affected the personality development of the school children in a different way according to gender was analyzed. As a result, there were significant differences in caring among the subfactors. The boys were more caring than the girls. Second, whether hapkido training affected the personality development of the school children in a different way according to grade was analyzed. The third and fourth graders and the fifth and sixth graders were ahead of the first and second graders in terms of etiquette, personality and life habits, and the fifth and sixth graders excelled the first and second graders in emotion. Third, whether hapkido training affected the personality development of the school children in a different way according to training frequency was analyzed, and the group that trained three times or more a week were ahead of the group that trained three times or less in every variable that was etiquette, caring, emotion, personality and life habits. Fourth, whether there were any differences among the school children who trained hapkido in personality development according to training experience was analyzed. As a result, the group that trained for one to four years were ahead of the group that trained for one year or less in terms of etiquette, emotion, personality and life habits, and the group that trained for two to four years were more caring than the group that trained for a year or less.
    Keyword:Hapkido, Personality, Elementary School Student, Physical Education, Marital Arts
  • This study was to investigate the effects of exercise and drinking habits on the body composition and physical fitness in middle-aged men. The participants were divided into two groups: 1 times a week Drinker group(n=15) and 3 times a week Drinker group(n=15). The exercise and drinking habits for 12 weeks. The results of this study were as follows: First, In terms of change in body composition due to drinking and exercise, the group drinking once a week shows a statistically significant decrease in weight, body fat ratio, BMI, and abdominal fat rate, but doesn't show any significant difference in muscle skeletal mass. And the group drinking three times a week doesn't show any significant difference in all variables of body composition. In addition, difference between groups due to drinking and exercise doesn't reveal any statistically significant difference in all variables of body composition at the pretest. However, at the posttest, weight, body fat ratio, BMI, and abdominal fat ratio showed a statistically significant difference. Second, as for the physical fitness, there were significantly increased in left grip strength, right grip strength, muscle endurance, cardiopulmonary endurance, flexibility, quick reaction, and agility the 1 times a week Drinker group. As conclusions, this study confirmed that the exercise and drinking habits could improve the body composition and physical fitness of middle-aged men. However, there is a need for more specific exercise programs to be developed for the continual improvement of athletic performance in exercise and drinking habits along with further studies to confirm the physiological benefits of those programs.
    Keyword:Exercise, Drinking Habits, Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Middle-Aged Men
  • In this study, taekwondo's image and consumer behavior were analyzed in terms of taekwondo image and consumer behaviors in accordance with taekwondo demonstration recognition for risk management and stable management through securing new trainees and continuously participating in taekwondo. And to provide basic data to help establish management strategies. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, 418 questionnaires of visitors to taekwondo demonstration were taken as valid samples. For data processing and statistical methods, frequency analysis was performed for general characterization using SPSS. Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated for the reliability of the question-naire. To classify taekwondo model recognition factor, Taekwondo chapter image factor, and consumer behavior factor for factor analysis. In order to examine the relationship between the variables, correlation analysis was conducted. Multiple re-gression analysis was used to examine the effect of taekwondo pilot recognition factor on the image factor and consumer behavior factor of taekwondo(significance level .05). The following conclusions were obtained through this study. The effects of training factors, effect factors, interest factors, and knowledge factors of taekwondo demon-stration recognition were found to affect image factors. The training factors, effect factors, interest factors, and knowledge factors of taekwondo demonstration recognition. And the intention factors of word of mouth. Also, image factor of taekwondo chapter image influenced purchase intention factor and word of mouth intention factor of consumer behavior. Comprehensively, it is important to emphasize the importance of training through demonstration, defeat, and protest in taekwondo, and to present objective and scientific results of physical and mental effects through taekwondo participation. Also, in order to provide general knowledge about taekwondo and knowledge about taekwondo, it is necessary to make and distribute relevant books, research materials and images so that many people can share their knowledge. If these activities are carried out, the taekwondo director's education program, the trainees' training style and training skills, and the atmosphere of the taekwondo dojo will be noticed, which will have a positive effect on the image of the painting. Finally, together we will contribute to the revitalization of management.
    Keyword:Taekwondo, Taekwondo Gym, Taekwondo Demonstration Activities, Recognition, Safety Man-agement Strategy
  • The objective of this study is to identify the Ashi-waza and Ura-nage based on the usability of Judo in the field of guarding in Korea. Interview has been conducted on participants with an experience of guarding along with analysis. Results from the questions from this study are as follows. First of all, the usability of Ashi-waza in Judo when performing the self-protection in field of guard indicated that Hiza-guruma turned out to be the highest that 19 participants(22.9%) indicated 9 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 14 participants(16.9%) on 8. The usability of Sasae-tsurikomi-ashi turned out to be highest that 21(25.3%) indicated 9 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 16 participants (19.2%) on 8. The usability of Deashi-harai turned out to be highest that 23(27.7%) indicated 1 on a scale of 1 (very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 15 participants on 2. The usability of Okuri-ashi-harai turned out to be highest that 25 participants(30.1%) indicated 9 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 17 participants(20.5%) on 2. The usability of Ouchi-gari turned out to be highest that 18 participants(21.7%) indicated 9 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 16 participants(19.3%) on 8. The usability of Kouchi-gari turned out to be highest that 16 participants(19.3%) indicated 7 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 15 participants(18.1%) on 8. The usability of Osoto-gari turned out to be highest that 20 participants(24.1%) indicated 1 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 15 participants(18.1%) on 2. The usability of Uchi-mata turned out to be highest that 16 articipants(19.3%) indicated 8 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 15 participants(18.1%) on 9. The usability of Kosoto-gari turned out to be highest that 17 participants(20.5%) indicated 9 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 15 participants (18.1%) on 8. The usability of Harai-tsurikomi-ashi turned out to be highest that 20 participants(24.1%) indicated 1 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 16 participants(19.3%) on 2. Secondly, as for the usability of Ura-nage in Judo for performing self-protection in the field of guard, Tomoenage turned out to be highest that 19 participants(22.9%) indicated 1 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 16 participants(19.3%) on 2. The usability of Uki-waza turned out to be highest that 18 participants(21.7%) indicated 9 on a scale of 1(very agree) to 9(very disagree) followed by 17 participants(20.5%) on 8.
    Keyword:Martial Arts, Judo, Taekwondo, Kendo, Akido
  • Recently, indiscriminate crime has been committed against many unspecified victims regardless of victims by various violent actors. Even the police officers dispatched to the scene are not able to use weapons as well as weapons. In this social climate, the majority of people aspire to become safe societies, and demand stronger response to offenders. For this purpose, the police are considering active use of police weapons and equipment, while there are also voices of concern about human rights violations caused by frequent use of police weapons and equipment. In order to meet all of these social concerns and expectations, it is necessary to check the use of physical force by proper procedures and the police self-arrest coping coping at every stage and situation. Until now, the police officers on the front line were reluctant to use arresting because of the complaints from the inside and outside of the police organization due to various complaints brought by the arrested persons and the disad-vantageous disposition of the personnel due to them, there was a lot of atmosphere. According to the psycho-logical trend of these police officers, the education and practice of police self - arrest has also been turned off by police officers. The report without the killer is only a waste of time, materials and manpower, no matter how much you write. Our police have the ability to arrest the perpetrator so that they have confidence in their jobs. And police arrest martial arts is not merely a technique for arresting criminals. Police Self-arrest martial arts is a way to protect the police officer's own safety from various violent actors at the crime scene and to protect the arrestees from exposure to the violent environment. Also, when controlling for situation control, And arrest them. As such, police martial arts have a philosophy different from martial arts to suppress and kill opponents widely known in society as a whole. It is not only a technical method for arresting criminals, but a real police martial art who gives priority to the police officers and the security of the arrestees. In order to properly learn and use these police arrest martial arts, the principle and understanding of police self-arrest martial arts should be premised. The purpose of this study is to help the police officers understand and practice the police self-defense and arrest martial arts practically. In this study, the purpose of this study is to analyze the literature on the previous research and the principles and system of police self-defense and arrest martial arts. Posture.
    Keyword:Police Self-Defense, Arrest Martial Arts Principles, Framework, Position, Physical Force
  • This study aimed to College Students Majoring Police of Police Martial Arts Education on Body composition and Physical Fitness on Job Performance. Eighty voluntary subjects(40 exercise, 40 control) with an understand-ing toward the aims of this study were selected and their physical composition and Physical Fitness on Job Per-formance, before and after the Police Martial Arts Education program, were measured. As for the physical composition, there were significant differences between pre- and post-values in the exer-cise group after completing the police Martial Arts Education. The change in physical composition has shown a significant change in EG group to weight, skeletal muscle mass, BMI, body fat percentage statistically and the physical composition has shown a significant change in CG group to skeletal muscle mass, BMI, body fat percent-age statistically. Also, at the preliminary inspection between two different groups according to police military training, every variable of physical composition no significant difference was shown statistically, and at the post inspection, BMI, body fat percentage the significant difference was shown statistically. As for the Physical Fitness on Job Performance, there were significant differences between pre- and post-values in the exercise group. The change in physical variable in EG group has shown significant change in every variable such as grasping power in left hand, grasping power in right hand, sit-up, push-up, 100m, 1000m statistically, and the change in physical variable in CG group has shown significant change in grasping power in right hand statistically. Also, at the pre-liminary inspection between two groups according to the police military training has not shown a significant change in every variable, however, at the post inspection, a significant change has shown in every variable. The study results indicate that the Police Martial Arts Education program is effective in improving the Body composition and Physical Fitness on Job Performance of College Students Majoring Police. However, there is a need for more specific exercise programs to be developed for the continual improvement of College Students Majoring Police performance in along with further studies to confirm the physiological benefits of those programs.
    Keyword:Martial Arts, Police, Education, Body Composition, Physical Fitness on Job Performance
  • Excessive exercise causes the loss of inherent physiological function of the muscles through skeletal muscle lesioning. This damage can induce various complications such as nerve injury, vascular lesions, and osteocytes damage. At the molecular level, reactive oxygen species(ROS) play an important role in the development of mus-cle damage. Although the excess production of ROS induces oxidative stress, these molecules are inevitably pro-duced during the respiratory process of the human body. Therefore, ROS are important molecules in both physi-ological phenomena and as etiological factors. In the present review, we will address the role of antioxidants in skeletal muscle damage. Specifically, we will review studies suggesting that the intake of ginseng(the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) could be a strategy for treating skeletal muscle disorders. Ginseng is the most com-monly consumed herbal medicine for increasing stamina in athletes. However, numerous athletes consume gin-seng without understanding its pharmacological effects on the body. Hence, we will discuss the role of compound K in the biological and pharmacological effects of ginseng. In particular, we suggest that compound K is poten-tially useful against muscle damage.
    Keyword:Antioxidant, Exercise, Skeletal Muscle Damage, Panax Ginseng C.A.Meyer, Compound K
  • In Asian society, martial arts education isn't simply regarded as what aims to improve fighting skills or build up a healthy body. Instead, that is accepted as what is of great ethical, moral and inner value as a way to become a decent human being. Martial arts education that is based on traditional ethics has long contributed to character building, and hapkido Dojang are responsible for passing this education onto the next generations. Martial arts education is mainly provided for adolescents in hapkido Dojang, and the educational system of these Dojang are outstanding enough to make them serve as professional educational institutions to foster hapkido-enjoying people out of pure motives. The educational goals that hapkido-related organizations pursue together are mental training, health promotion, self-defense, physical training and the transmission of cultural heritage. But there is a doubt whether hapkido Dojang make a genuine effort to attain these goals of education. Due to keen competition, most of the Dojang often distort the substance of martial arts education by slander-ing each other or merely by offering play- or game-centered programs for commercial purposes. In a word, it cannot be denied that there is something wrong with traditional martial arts education. Martial arts are basically of educational importance as a means to train the body and acquire skills to learn how to live as a decent human and as an eligible member of the world. The purpose of this study was to examine the right directions for martial arts education in hapkido Dojang in modern capitalistic society characterized by advanced material civilization, limitless compe-tition and individualism. Under the circumstances, hapkido education may just be regarded as a competitive sport if it only focuses on physical training, acquisition of skills or winning. There is a great challenge for hapkido, which is to turn into the kind of martial art that can contribute to the edification of people along with other martial arts in a manner to be appropriate for modern times. When it comes to the right direction for hapkido education, competitive commercial logics should be eliminated among hapkido Dojang above all. The Dojang should renew themselves as the places of oriental mental training. They should value mental culture to foster well-rounded people of character who realize the way through physical training, and trainees should be taught to be courteous, consid-erate, humble, build up character, use decent language and respect others. Modern people's lives should be sublimated in art in pursuit of human happiness and enjoyment. Hapkido instructors should be future-oriented and shift their way of teaching with a sense of mission to nurture competent people necessary for society through mental training instead of merely sticking to teaching skills or how to win a competition.
    Keyword:Martial Arts, Hapkido, Dojang Education, Character Education, Cultivation of Morality
  • This study was conducted in order to examine the motion principles of YiJinJing and their implications for martial arts. For this study, we interpreted and explained the 12 motions of YiJinJing in Naegongdoseol and iden-tified their values as a martial art and their implications for training. The identified principles of YiJinJing motions were first relax the mind so that the mind follows the motion and change of the body, second breath naturally and gently and harmonize the motion and the breath softly and evenly, third repeat strong and soft motions by controlling strength, fourth choose a adequate posture and make an adequate sound for each motion. The 12 motions of YiJinJing are organically interconnected with one another as a whole, and breath is made naturally in harmony with motion according to the person’s mind. In addition, the main purpose of the motions is strength-ening muscles and bones by exercising force. All body activities with characteristics of Oriental martial arts ac-company operation of Qi. Such operation of Qi is embedded in the traditional martial art training and it is just Oriental characteristics that we cannot find in other Western sports. Qi accumulated during martial art training flows to the place where mind is concentrated. Although YiJinJin training has been known as a kind of regimen to live longer without diseases, YiJinJin training has the same start and end with martial art training. When you make the flexible and soft movements of YiJinJin fast and strong, they become martial art movements attacking the counterpart and defending yourself from the counterpart's attacks. In concrete, Qigong movement such as twisting and relaxing arms and legs flexibly are the postures to enforce muscles and bones and they are same as body training in martial arts preparing for combats with enemies. These spirit of mind, spirit of meridian, and spirit of breath in YiJinJing training are correlated with one another from the viewpoint of martial art training and suggests that the contents of the martial art include mind training, body training and breath training, which are the basics of martial arts.
    Keyword:Martial Arts, Principle, YiJinJing, Postures, Value