All Articles

  • The purpose of this study was to examine the level of knowledge on hand washing, practice of it(hand washing frequencies before meals, after discharge and after going out) and hand washing promotion experience based on the 2015 community health survey data for the region of Gyeongnam in an effort to determine the hand washing knowledge of local residents, their hand washing practice and promotion experience. As for the level of hand washing knowledge, the respondents who were female, who dwelled in urban communities, who were younger, whose academic background was better, whose monthly mean household income was larger and who engaged in economic activities were more knowledgeable. Concerning the level of practice, the respondents who were female, who resided in urban regions, who were younger, who were better educated, whose monthly mean household income was higher and who engaged in economic activities put all the three items into practice. In addition, the respondents with hand washing promotion experience were ahead of the others in terms of both knowledge and practice, and there were positive correlations among all the level of hand washing knowledge, the level of practice and promotion experience. Therefore the easiest way to prevent the frequent occurrence of contagious diseases caused by an increase in overseas trips and climate change and to promote individual people's health is hand washing. Sustained monitoring and the development of a variety of educational media and publicity methods are all required to encourage individuals to wash their hands in the right manner.
    Keyword:Contagious Diseases, Hand Washing, The Level of knowledge, The Level of Practice, Hand Washing Kpromotion
  • This research observed the discussion about the existing disaster management policy, and present the aim set of the budget for natural digester prevention by government. Like mentioned above, a recognition of necessity of digester management in Korea is start from increasing, diversity, large scale and etc. of digesters. But the investment for digester prevention by central government and local government is stopping in support of the rehabilitation expense, but still can’t set the scope of aim setting of budget investment for digester management and prevention and minimization of damage. Additionally, the public policy like the cost-benefit analysis and etc. also do not have its analysis of evaluation. This research indicated the limitation of budget investment in digester management policy and examined the approach method and approach direction for investment in disaster management and prevention business.
    Keyword:Disaster Management, Disaster Prevention, Financial Investment, Natural Disaster, Republic of Korea
  • The various disasters that are happening all over the world are becoming increasingly difficult challenges. The management of the disaster with inherent attributes of risk and uncertainty is recognized by almost everyone as a public issue that governments must respond to immediately. As disasters have long and short-term effects not only on human and material damage but also on the public health safety net and social and political settings, an effective management system for disasters is important. It can be said that the disaster management work in the local government at the forefront of protecting the lives and property of the people is very important. For large-scale disasters beyond the scope of local government, central government’s personnel and budget support is needed, but the primary response is to be conducted quickly and flexibly at the local government level. Therefore, it is important to improve disaster management capacity of public servants who perform disaster management work in local government, and education and training for their capacity building is important.
    Keyword:Disaster Management System, Education and Training, Local Government Function in Disaster Management, Disaster Management Competency, Disaster Management Official
  • The purpose of this study is to provide the theoretical background of resilience and the theoretical foundation of the indexes for the factors affecting the resilience of applying the disaster stage and disaster recovery process. Designing an index of community resilience can be important basic materials for policymakers to determine pol-icy priorities in terms of disaster-related policy development and geographical characteristics, as well as resilience levels. In the future, it will be possible to provide empirical evidence that policy suggestions can be made by deriving key factors affecting resilience and comparing trends.
    Keyword:Disaster, Recovery, Resilience, Disaster Management, Community Disaster Resilience
  • The handicapped are in poorer health conditions than others in the world. In addition, they tend to have lower level of academic achievement and participation rate in economic activities and higher poverty rate. This is par-tially because the handicapped ends up experiencing the barrier in the service that most of people have been enjoying so far including health, education, transportation, and career adaptation as well as information. Such difficulty tends to be more outstanding in neglected groups. Issues in career adaptation among the handicapped in Korea have been dealt with in welfare among victims in the world just like western countries in the beginning. Hereupon, the handicapped employment policies have been established and operated in Korea for the first time for the handicapped with wound from Korean War. Afterwards, they have been developed into protective means, protective career employment, and competitive employment for the handicapped. However, issues of career adaptation of the handicapped in Korea have been much concerned from pressure on protection of rights and interests of the handicapped in international society in the 1980s and effort from the handicapped. According to such trend, 'welfare act for mentally and physically handicapped people' has been enacted in Korea making the handicapped as subjects for legal rights and preparing for foundation for the devel-opment of the handicapped welfare. However, it has been systematically considered as to how to manage the risk in career adaptation among the handicapped in Korea with the necessity of research for how to adapt in career in the perspective of the handicapped and manage the risk of mal-adjustment. 1)Most of causes for the disability are not from personal factors but from traffic accidents, industrial disaster, war, disease, and environmental issues. Due to many of the handicapped in ages that are available with eco-nomic activities, employment of the handicapped is the important issue. In other words, it is required to recognize this as an issue for the entire society and make people recognize how no one is free from disability. It is required to come up with the belief for how employment and adjustment of the handicapped at work are not to be entirely taken care of by family members but also important obligations to be solved by the government and society at some degree. 2)It is required to maximize the utilization of human resources overcoming the crisis of career adaptation of the handicapped, improving their life quality from productive participation, and contributing to expand the na-tional output. 3)Besides the income, career adaptation must be able to improve recognition on human dignity and social integration, bring about personal and social profit, and completely developing talents and capacity of the hand-icapped with enhanced human dignity and social integration. 4)Due to the improvement of health and medical rehabilitation service for maintaining and extending the life and increased cases of chronic disease, the emergence of disability is in increasing rate for the next tens of years. It is also required to systemize and regularly implement education for the crisis in career adaptation according to the level of the handicapped and have them react in case of the crisis of career adaptation. Hereupon, this study is expected to understand the risk management of career adaptation of the handicapped in Korea, learn how to cope with them, and protect them from the risk.
    Keyword:Disabled, Job, Danger, Management, Research
  • In our country, Ji Seok-young conducted vaccinization in December, 1879, which was the first time to cure smallpox that was the most dreadful infectious disease. Although there is a decrease in the total quantity of infectious diseases, their relative value become larger, instead. VDP was eradicated, and it's possible to prevent and suppress water-borne and food-borne infectious diseases and diseases through parasite infections. However, there are new types of diseases that are considered as great social issues, including imported infectious diseases, zoonoses and other infectious diseases which cannot be controlled by antibiotics, which are sexually transmitted and hard to observe, and which occur through vector-borne infection, community-acquired infection or healthcare- acquired infection. And the third is taking prompt measures for the sake of patients who fail to pre-vent themselves from the disease. They should be equipped with an infectious disease surveillance system, pro-vide regular education and encourage more people to be vaccinated instead of merely depending on Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention As for the third principle, it cannot curb the spread of the disease and thereby results in doing much damage when proper early measures aren't taken. To prevent it in advance, more intensive, diverse education and careful management are required.
    Keyword:Infection Disease, MERS, SARS, Management, Public Health
  • This study was attempted to identify what traumatic event the ward nurses experience and what experience of PTSD by that is before development of program to manage the PTSD in nurses. The mental shock left in the people after suffering from the shock or disaster such as war, natural disaster, violence, etc. refers to trauma and the mental and physical symptoms appeared after the trauma are collectively referred to as post-traumatic stress disorder. The horrible event is the cause. However, its reaction may be varied how to accept the event. The symptoms may appear after the shock or after several days or years depending on the individual. In case of acute disorder, the prognosis is relatively good but in case of chronic disorder, as the aftereffect is serious, only 30% of the patients can recover, 40% show mild symptoms and rest cannot return to society with the moderate symptoms. The symptoms can be divided mainly into the hypersensitivity reaction, experiencing the shock again, emotional avoidance or paralysis. The patient having hypersensitivity shows the symptom of being always anx-ious, being on the alert about surrounding and not sleeping well. The treatment is generally made with counselling and medication at the same time. Generally, the psycho-therapy is proceeded in the form of personal interview or group interview and maintained for 6 to 12 weeks. The family friends and sometimes even the colleagues are participated to help understanding of patient. According to the type of trauma, the cognitive behavioral therapy, which make them face with their fear, are used. Sertraline(drug name: Zoloft) and paroxetine (drug name: Paxil), etc, the antidepressant, are prescribed. Other anti-psychotropic medicines are prescribed with the sleep aids. Sharing the experience with those who experi-enced the similar event such as veteran group helps alleviating the symptoms. Of course, it can be healed through the medicine or psychological therapeutic approach by the expert to over-come the current difficulties but as the saying that the origin of all diseases is the mind, the will of him/herself is essential. Although the research and therapeutic technique on the PTSD may be insufficient, it is deemed to be observed having more interests in the modern age that various events occur very much. The development of intervention program is required to prevent and manage the symptom of PTSD in nurses and the medical checkup on the mental health problem should be included in the regular health checkup.
    Keyword:Disaster, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Nurse, Republic of Korea
  • Not long ago, a fire in high‐rise buildings in London, England, killed 58 people and caused enormous damage, which is the worst fire incident in the UK since World War II. In Korea, high‐rise buildings and super tall buildings have a tendency to continue to increase, but they are more vulnerable to fire response. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss prevention and countermeasures against super tall buildings in the future. As such, super tall buildings have been increasing more and more, but super tall buildings have not been able to cope with the fire countermeasures. Thus, this article examines the fire vulnerability of super tall buildings and the difficulty of fire suppression of super tall buildings, and suggests ways to prevent and quickly cope with fire in super tall buildings in the future. Super tall buildings are more vulnerable to fire. Of course, super tall buildings are strictly regulated with firefighting facilities such as sprinklers, evacuation facilities, and firewalls rather than general buildings. However, if fire breaks out due to the failure of fire suppression in the early stage of the fire, the firefighting authority is more vulnerable to fire because the firefighting must be accompanied by considerable difficulty. In particular, firefighting and rescue operations using helicopters are also difficult to access due to the rapidly changing currents around high‐rise buildings. And as a result, firefighters must enter the super tall buildings themselves to quell the fire, which is not easy. Therefore super tall buildings fires are more vulnerable. There-fore, in case of fire in super tall buildings, fire suppression is very difficult, so more attention should be paid to fire prevention. Super tall buildings in many countries overseas, the emphasis is on expanding fire protection and fire evacuation facilities by applying very strict regulations. In Korea, it is also necessary to strengthen regulations for fire‐fighting facilities such as fire detectors and sprinklers for each building, and to strengthen the inspection in advance. The introduction of mid‐sized to large‐sized helicopters that can extinguish the fire of super tall buildings seems to be urgent. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the initial fire detection system. In addition, it would be a good way to reduce the damage by conducting evacuation drills in advance for residents.
    Keyword:Fire Response, Super Tall Buildings. Fire Suppression, Fire Vulnerability, Republic of Korea
  • In today's modern society, risk applies to all people regardless of their social positions. Faced by a risk, the general public is exposed to various pieces of information about the risk intentionally or unintentionally and deals with it in various ways according to the risk information including eliminating and avoiding it. In a disaster situ-ation, it is the best option to deliver the risk information to the general public in a fast and accurate manner, thus minimizing additional risky situations and preventing social confusion. This study thus set out to search for risk communication plans for the government agencies to deliver the right risk information to the general public in an effective manner in a disaster situation by examining theories about risk communication and information. First, it is critical to provide the accurate information as fast as possible in a disaster situation. When inaccurate information is provided fast, it can have adverse effects on the risk man-agement of general public, which means that a focus should be placed on accuracy rather than speed. In a dis-aster situation, people first get disaster information through various sources and develop a prejudice against risk based on the primary risk information that they are exposed to. Their prejudices are under the easy influence of past experiences, reference groups, and pioneers and their opinions regardless of risk. Second, it is necessary to manage information thoroughly when a warning message is delivered to the public in a disaster situation. Thor-ough management is required for warning messages spread via the press, Internet, and SNS. It also found that they would accept the information of warning messages regardless of their reliability, thus implying that rumor-like information with uncertain sources and grounds could result in huge social ramifications. Third, it is im-portant to inform the general public of methods to cope with and manage a risk in a disaster situation through prognostic framing in case of risk communication so that their perception(anxiety) of objective and subjective risk can be put to rest. when risk communication continued to provide information through diagnostic framing, individuals would have excessive risk and anxiety awareness and thus cause a social amplification. It is important to inform the general public of methods to cope with and manage a risk in a disaster situation through prognostic framing so that their perception(anxiety) of objective and subjective risk can be put to rest. Finally, risk infor-mation should be delivered in a concise manner with a focus on the core content. When exposed to excessive information, common people get to experience fatigue about information and therefore undergo a judgment heuristic process to avoid useful information consciously. It is thus critical to deliver useful information to the general public in a concise manner. When the general public deals with a risk in a proper fashion through effective risk communication, it can generate various positive effects including the reduced social confusion, cost savings, and image improvement as well as safe personal life.
    Keyword:Disaster, Risk Communication, Public Anxiety, Risk Information, Risk Information Acceptance
  • This study arises from the awareness that it requires a study about the method of preparedness from arson in our society and the study will present the literature based approach provided with evidences and theses in both domestic and foreign cases. Arson threatens people's life. Especially, it is noticeable that arson towards a large number of unspecified individuals can threaten public security because of its unpredictability. The preparedness from arson should set in with the prediction of the possible location that a criminal targets and the movement of minimizing the damage in case of arson. It requires government's role in supervising the arson criminals. It is important to acknowledge the risk of arson. For the preparedness from arson should make individuals equipped with ability to understand and cope with the risk of arson. We prepare ordinarily the structure of impact mitiga-tion, emergency care, rescue and relief, the cultivation of ability to control the unexpected situation is more needed, change in social understanding of arson fire and the establishment of accurate statistic system. Corpo-ration among agencies and establishment of the institution with overall charge in preparedness of arson fire. And we need education. The society, first, should take an effort to embrace the discriminated and weak members in response to the complexity and the diversity in the social trend. However, it is difficult to predict who the criminal is in case of arson that targets a large number of unspecified individuals. Therefore, the preparedness from arson should set in with the prediction of the possible location that a criminal targets and the movement of minimizing the damage in case of arson. It is difficult to predict who sets fire, however, there is high possibility that one can set fire again once he or she did. Therefore, it requires government's role in supervising the arson criminals. Moreover, it should bring up human resource to prevent arson by building a cooperative network among organizations and establishing the dedicated institution for the arson case. This will be applied to the arson control in the future and will establish a shared social thinking about the risk of arson through the statistics about the accurate result of close examination.
    Keyword:Disaster, Preparedness, Arson, Crisis, Emergency Management