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  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to recognize the importance of the security police officers' work or job involvement by examining the difference in terms of the job involvement according to the general characteristics of the South Korean security police, and furthermore, present the basic data for the organizational operation and improving the work efficiency of members. Method: In this study, 100 trainees of the Police Human Resources Development Institute, a police institute of education in Korea in 2020, were surveyed and the convenience sampling method was used for the sampling method, followed by the Self-Administration Method. An investigation was conducted. Among the collected questionnaires, 91 questionnaires were used as valid samples, except for the data with insincere responses or omission of some of the details of the survey. The measurement tool is a questionnaire, and the data processing is a statistical package program, SPSS 23.0 Program, and the frequency analysis was performed to examine and understand the general characteristics, while the Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated to validate the reliability of the questionnaire. The confirmatory factor analysis was performed to classify the job involvement related factors, and the t-Test and the one-way ANOVA were performed to examine and understand the difference in terms of the job involvement of the security police according to the general characteristics. Results: In this study, the confirmatory factor analysis was performed to validate the conceptual validity of the measurement tool, and the concept reliability was all over 0.8, and the mean variance (AVE) values all exceeded 0.5, and hence, the concentration validity for all variables was evidently secured. Furthermore, the reliability of the questionnaire turned out to be .798 of Cronbach's α coefficient. As an empirical result, the difference in the job involvement according to general characteristics is, first, the difference in terms of the job involvement of the security police according to gender is higher in women than in men. Second, there was no significant difference in the job involvement of the security police according to age in the difference in terms of the job involvement of the security police according to age. Third, the difference in the job involvement of the security police according to educational background is higher than high school graduates with community college, 4 year college, and graduate degrees. Fourth, the difference in terms of the job involvement of the security police according to the number of employees in the affiliated organization is higher than that of 21 or more people than 10 people or less, 11 or more people and 15 people or less, and 15 or more people and 20 people or less. Fifth, there is no difference in the job involvement of the security police according to the area of service. Conclusion: As a result of the research process it turned out that there was a difference in the job involvement of the security police according to gender, educational background, and the number of employees in the affiliated organization, and there was no difference in terms of the job involvement according to age and the area of service. Hence, based on the in-depth and various studies related to job involvement according to the characteristics of the study subjects, a plan ought to be presented to enable the security police to more fully perform their original duties.
    Keyword:South Korea, Security, Police, Security Police, Job Involvement
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of oxygen therapy on cardiac status and therapeutic outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to reduce unnecessary oxygen supply. Our intervention focused on reducing the six hours of oxygen therapy that was previously available to two hours. Method: A non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design was used. After IRB approval, we started experimental study. Total 42 patients participated in this study, 12 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The experimental group received oxygen for 2 hours and the control group was compared to the experimental group by chart review of patients who maintained oxygen for 6 hours. We measured Ejection Fraction (EF) by Echo-cardiogram and Myocardial Condition by Myocardium SPECT. We also checked hospital days by reviewing medical chart. For the analysis, descriptive statistics, X2 test, and t-test were used for statistical analysis with SPSS 23.0 program. Results: The test in Myocardium SPECT showed no significant difference in Myocardial condition between the experimental group and the control group. Especially, ‘stress defect’ among the test items was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (t=2.118, p=.040). In addition, there was no significant difference in the hospital day in the experimental group and the control group(t=-0.341, p=.735). Conclusion: Therefore, it is recommend to maintain oxygen therapy for 2 hours reduced and compared previous oxygen therapy protocol.
    Keyword:Myocardial Infarction, Oxygenation, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Oxygen Supply Time, Treatment
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore variables related to children’s anger expression and prevent improper style of anger expressing style, which provides theoretical data in developing programs to train children to express anger appropriately. Method: The survey was conducted self-reporting among 862 students in 5th and 6th grades from 5 elementary schools in D city. These collected data using STAXI-K(State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory), PACI(Parent-Adolescent Communication Inventory), and ER (Ego-Resiliency Scale), were statistically processed and analyzed based on SPSS24.0 and AMOS 24.0. Results: The results were as follows: First, parental open communication ability and children's ego resiliency directly affect their anger expression(anger-out) and suppression(anger-in). Second, children's ego resiliency has an indirect influence on anger management. Also, parents' open communication skills directly impact child ego resiliency. Finally, this study identified the variables influencing children's anger expression. In contrast, the influence of these variables was different respectively on anger expression(anger-out), anger suppression(anger-in), and anger management. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the variables, including parental open communication ability, the environmental factor, and children’s ego resilience, the individual factor, play a significant role in children's anger expressing style, which they can describe, explain, predict, and control their emotion. Among these variables, open parental communication had the most decisive influence directly on anger-out, and anger suppression(anger-in), which indicates that parents need to talk with their child smoothly for their child to express their anger effectively.
    Keyword:Anger Expression(Anger-Out), Anger Suppression(Anger-In), Anger Management, Open Parental Communication, Children's Ego Resiliency
  • Purpose: Recently, domestic and foreign food consumers are pursuing the minimization of meal time and convenience of cooking, and the consumption behavior is increasing take out, delivery, and HMR purchases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the opinions of the expert group on the commercially available meal kit to help a lot with the eating habits of modern people and to suggest the development direction of the meal kit in the future. Method: Create a questionnaire and make up a group of experts consisting of 4 cooking and food service management professors, a sales manager of a meal kit related developer, a menu development manager, and 13 other meal kit operators, for a total of 17 people, January 3-6th 2022, Individual surveys were conducted for about 2 hours, and the results were derived using spss program. Results: As a result of an interview with an expert group, it is necessary to develop a granular health friendly meal kit for the low salt, high protein, low fat, low sugar, vegan, dieter, exerciser, and the elderly using ecofriendly materials. Conclusion: This study aims to present the development direction of meal kit as low sugar, low salt, high protein, low fat, vegan, dieter, exercise machine, and elderly meal kit. In addition, in order to develop meal kit products that are beneficial to consumers' health and environment, product development using eco-friendly packaging containers should be carried out. It is also important to understand the segmented needs of consumers.
    Keyword:Meal Kits, Development Direction, Organic Food, Low Salt, Low Sugar
  • Purpose: The primary purpose of this study is to empirically validate the relationship between the employment period and the organizational satisfaction of the indefinite term contract workers of the National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, which is an agency operating under the auspices of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. Meanwhile, studies on the organizational satisfaction in Korea have focused on public servants or employees of general companies, and the purpose lies with recognizing that there is a lack of studies which statistically validate the relationship between the employment period and the organizational satis-faction of indefinite term contract workers, and making contribution to the improvement of the organizational satisfaction of indefinite term contract workers. Method: The National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service utilized the results of the 2020 or-ganizational satisfaction survey conducted by Hyundai Research for indefinite term contract workers, and the or-ganizational satisfaction was measured with the average value of all questions of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, organizational communication, fair evaluation and compensation, and by making reference to previous studies, a hypothesis was established that “the number of years of continued service of indefinite term con-tract workers of the National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service will have a positive (+) effect on the organizational satisfaction”. Results: As a result of the analysis performed of this study, the correlation between the dependent variable for the independent variable (employment period) turned out to have a correlation of approximately -0.218. while the employment period has an effect on the organizational satisfaction, it has a negative (-) effect rather than a positive (+) effect as hypothesized, which suggests that the longer the number of years of continued service, the lower the organizational satisfaction, and which also suggests that the satisfaction with organization is not simply increased by the mission of job and job performance satisfaction which arises the longer one serves for the organization. Conclusion: The average score of overall job satisfaction excluding the employment period turned out to yield a lower average score for the organizational commitment, communication, and fairness of evaluation and compensation. However, as a result of analyzing the organizational satisfaction of the in-definite term contract workers of the National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service by the section of employment period, it was verified that the organizational commitment and communication and the fair evaluation and compensation were even more correlated with the organizational satisfaction than the job satisfaction such as satisfaction of job and workload.
    Keyword:Non-Term Contract Workers, Indefinite Contract Workers, Organizational Satisfaction, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Employment Period
  • Purpose: This study was based on the flora survey data of 1,200 places (776 map index system numbers) over 12 years in the National Natural Environment Survey, Korea's largest basic research project on natural ecosystems. The researchers conducted this study to analyze the differences in the urbanization index by year, altitude, forest land ratio, and population density, investigate the correlations through curvilinear regression analysis, and pre-dict the changes in the urbanization index. Method: The Urbanization Index is the ratio of naturalized plants in the research area to the total number of naturalized plant species (321 species) distributed in South Korea. This paper calculated the urbanization index using the method by 'Lim Yangjae' and 'Jeon Uisik.' One-way ANOVA was performed to analyze the differences in the urbanization index by categories. In addition, curvilinear regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between urbanization index and categories. The Spss Statistics 21 statistical program performed the above statistical analyses. Results: The urbanization index showed differences in four categories. In the correlation analysis, the correla-tion between the urbanization index and the years had a positive correlation in which the urbanization index in-creases every year. The urbanization index and the altitudes had a negative correlation in which the urbanization index decreases as the altitude increases. The urbanization index and the forest land ratios had a negative corre-lation in which the urbanization index decreases as the forest land ratio increases. The urbanization index and the population densities had a negative correlation in which the urbanization index decreases as the population den-sity increases, but had a positive correlation in which it increases after a certain point in time. Conclusion: As a result of synthesizing the analyses, the relational formula created from the correlation analysis with the years was suitable for predicting the urbanization index. By applying the formula ?=1.754+0.465?(?=urbanization index, ?=year), the results of predicting the urbanization index were at 11.01 in 2025, 13.38 in 2030, 18.03 in 2040, and 22.68 in 2050. The urbanization index increased year by year.
    Keyword:Naturalized Plants, Urbanization Index, National Natural Environment Survey, Change, Prediction
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of clinical practice stress and department satisfaction of nursing students on their nursing professionalism. Method: This study was conducted on 220 nursing students from two universities located in J city from November 4 to November 29, 2019. The collected data were processed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis using the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: As a result of the study, the clinical practice stress of nursing college students showed a negative correlation with nursing professionalism (r=.33, p<.01). The department satisfaction of nursing college students showed a positive correlation with nursing professionalism (r=.65, p<.01). In addition, the department satisfaction of nursing college students showed an influence on nursing professionalism (β=.670, p<.001), and the explanatory power was 42%. Conclusion: It is hoped that the results of this study can be used as basic data for enhancing department satisfaction and improving the clinical practice curriculum of nursing students in the future by identifying the clinical practice stress and department satisfaction of nursing students and analyzing the factors affecting the nursing professionalism.
    Keyword:Nursing Students, Clinical Practice, Stress, Satisfaction, Nursing Professionalism
  • Purpose: This study examines the mutation profiles and global prevalence of SARS-Cov-2 variants. We further investigate the viral characteristics of the Delta and Omicron variants, such as epidemiology and transmissibility, disease severity, immune escape and vaccine effectiveness. Moreover, safety countermeasures for the fight against the Omicron variant are explored regarding the new pandemic response strategies focused on medical response and COVID-19 guidelines for quarantine rules. Method: This study was conducted on Web-based searches about the latest updates COVID-19 from the World Health Organization, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. In addition, we searched for the ‘SARS-CoV-2 variant”, and “COVID-19 and Delta, or Omicron” in PubMed and then reviewed the selected articles regarding variants of concern, the Delta and Omicron variants. Results: To date, there are five variants of concern available on the WHO tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants website. The Delta and Omicron variants are of particular concern among variants, and the Omicron variant is rapidly out-pacing the Delta variant worldwide to become the dominant circulating variant with a substantial growth advantage having a shorter doubling time. Even though the Omicron variant has shown moderate and lower disease severity than the Delta variant, there is concern about the high possibility of immune evasion, and it is predicted to be the most prevalent variant in the Republic of Korea near future. Therefore, safety countermeasures to contain the spread of the Omicron variant will be implemented for gradual recovery to a new normal life. Conclusion: Accordingly, along with the domestic efforts such as encouraging third booster vaccination and maintaining high-level quarantine systems, international collaboration, clear and transparent communications, and even achievement of 70% coverage with COVID-19 vaccines in all countries will be necessary to battle against the SARS-CoV-2 variants and to stop the continuous prevalence of Omicron worldwide.
    Keyword:SARS-CoV-2 Variants, Omicron, Delta, Safety Countermeasures, Vaccination
  • Purpose: This study was attempted to find out the influencing factors of self-leadership in nursing college students. Method: This study is a descriptive research study to identify the correlation between family intimacy, interpersonal relationship tendency, communication ability, self-leadership and the factors influencing self-leadership. Data collection was conducted from June 7 to June 20, 2020, targeting 236 nursing universities located in Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do. Results: The subjects' family intimacy, interpersonal tendency, communication ability, and self-leadership showed statistically significant correlations in the positive direction. As a result of multiple regression analysis, the F value of the regression model fit was statistically significant at 42.29(<.001). Factors influencing self-leadership were family intimacy, interpersonal relationship tendency, and communication ability. Conclusion: In order to help nursing students adapt to college life, it is necessary to develop self-leadership, which is an individual's inner ability, develop a curriculum that strengthens interpersonal skills, and develop curriculum and comparison programs to enhance coping methods.
    Keyword:Self-Leadership, Family-Intimacy, Interpersonal-Relations, Communication, Nursing-Students
  • Purpose: Drugs made for medical purposes could have been a mysterious potion if they were used only for their original purpose, but the reason why many people are concerned about the safety of mankind due to the enormous destructive power of drugs. It may be close to instinct for people to avoid pain and discomfort, chase joy, and pleasure, but if they borrow the power of drugs for this pleasure, the price will return to tremendous harm like boomerang. Research policy countermeasures against new drugs crime in Korea. Method: Traditional drugs are usually classified into natural drugs, synthetic drugs, and psychotropic drugs. Through the classification and definition of drugs, the characteristics of new drugs are identified and the current status of distribution of new drugs is analyzed. Policy countermeasures are derived through foreign cases. By analyzing the characteristics of crimes against new drugs, the government will subdivide punishment standards for temporary drugs and study ways to prepare bills to quickly punish the inhalation of unspecified hallucinogenic substances. Results: In order to cope with new drugs at this point, the priority introduction of a unified one-stop system through transnational institutions is required. Through this, it is necessary to establish a system that can focus on responding to crimes related to new drugs by integrating the system of crackdown agencies that are currently sporadically divided, such as the police, prosecutors, the Korea Maritime Police Agency, and the Korea Customs Service. In addition, continuous management is needed through linkage with treatment and rehabilitation facilities. Conclusion: Laws should be prepared to analyze the characteristics of crimes against new drugs to subdivide punishment standards for temporary drugs and to promptly punish the inhalation of unspecified hallucinogenic substances. In addition, crackdown and punishment on drug offenders are important, but it should not be forgotten that continuous management through connection with treatment and rehabilitation facilities is necessary to fundamentally prevent recidivism of drug offenders.
    Keyword:Drugs, New Drugs, New Drugs Crime, Narcotics, Super Drugs